Eczema in infants

Eczema in infants: everything you need to know

Eczema in infants

Eczema is common in infants, but we know how to provide them with soothing relief

Are dry skin and red patches causing baby to fuss? It might well be eczema. But there is no need to turn your daily life upside down to soothe baby. Sometimes, a simple adjustment in your daily habits and care is all it takes. Once the doctor has confirmed the diagnosis, simple products can be used to provide comfort.

Atopic eczema in infants

Atopic eczema is the most common form of eczema. Its onset often occurs within the first few months of life, thus affecting infants. This type of eczema is associated with skin which fails to protect itself from the environment and has inflammatory reactions. It is not contagious!

“It is also known as atopic dermatitis. Both terms are used to refer to the same condition.”

Recognizing this type of eczema

Atopic eczema symptoms:

  • Dry or very dry skin
  • Red patches
  • Itching
  • Oozing
  • Thickening of the skin
  • Marks from scratching
     
Atopic eczema symptoms: dry or very dry skin or xerosis
Atopic eczema symptoms: red patches or erythema
Atopic eczema symptoms: swelling or edema
Atopic eczema symptoms: oozing (vesicles, crusting)
Atopic eczema symptoms: thickening of the skin or lichenification
Atopic eczema symptoms: marks from scratching or excoriation

Red patches become covered in little vesicles which tend to ooze and ultimately form scabs.

Parents sometimes confuse eczema with urticaria or vice versa. The two are easy to distinguish, however: the red patches resulting from urticaria move around and do not ooze.

“Baby becomes so fussy when his skin itches! Eczema goes hand in hand with crying, fussing and night wakings.”

How long do atopic eczema flare-ups last?

This type of eczema has an important characteristic: alternating periods of flare-ups and remission. Treating flare-ups with a topical corticosteroid is important to speed up the healing process.

In most cases, flare-ups will gradually become less frequent and severe, before going away entirely after a few years. In some cases, however, atopic dermatitis continues into the adult years.

Where on the body are patches located?

In infants, redness appears mainly on the face (cheeks and forehead), arms, legs and stomach.

Eczema on the face
Eczema on the arms
Eczema on the stomach
Eczema on the legs

Why does my baby have atopic eczema?

Your baby has what we call “atopic skin”. This means his often dry to very dry skin is unable to act as a proper protective barrier. External molecules are able to pass through the skin, which becomes inflamed easily. As a result, redness and itching occur.

Atopic eczema is hereditary and linked to a malfunction in both the skin and the defense mechanisms, presenting as hypersensitivity to the environment. However, it is not an allergy.

A genetic predisposition

Atopy-prone skin is hereditary. Often times, it already affects others in the family. Atopic eczema is triggered, however, by a combination of external factors, such as pollution, climate, sun exposure, and more.

Genetic predisposition

Genetic predisposition

Sensitivity to the environment

Sensitivity to the environment

Atopic predisposition

Atopic predisposition

“Don’t feel guilty. It’s not your fault that your child has eczema. Many infants are affected, and rates are on the rise in industrialized countries. You do have a unique power, however, to provide soothing relief.”

How to provide your baby with soothing relief from atopic eczema

Eczema in infants cannot be cured with a treatment to simply make it go away. You can, however, reduce the severity and delay the onset of the next flare-up.

Skin care

Care for the skin as soon as possible

The sooner you treat atopic eczema in infants, the sooner it is likely to go away. But there’s more: studies show that you also reduce the risk of developing allergies.

Anticipate and limit the risk before eczema sets in

It all starts with very dry skin. If your baby has never had eczema but has very dry skin, applying an emollient to their skin every day will increase your chances of reducing the risk of atopic eczema.

Treatments

A combination of two types of treatments is often used to relieve atopic eczema.

Les traitements de l'eczéma atopique

An “extinguishing” treatment to calm the flare-up.

 Corticosteroid-based cream

A treatment which repairs the skin in order to prevent flare-ups

Emollient skin care (hydrating)

Everyday soothing habits

Avoid overly hot baths, opt for an ultra-rich soap, towel dry baby by dabbing rather than rubbing the skin, regulate the temperature in baby’s room, etc. A whole range of habits can go a long way to provide soothing relief for baby.

Contact eczema in infants

An allergic reaction

This type of eczema should not be confused with atopic eczema. It is a skin allergy to a given substance found in a product or object: cosmetic or cleanser, costume jewelry, etc. Although rarer in adults, it can be observed in infants.

“A combination of contact eczema and atopic eczema can appear. This makes diagnosis more difficult.”

Solutions and treatments

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Tests allergologiques

The goal is to identify the triggering allergen so that it can be avoided. To this end, we explore the areas affected by eczema and the products that have come into contact with the skin. Allergy tests may be conducted to identify the triggering agent.

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